What is Deep Diving?

04/15/2025

Some time ago, we published a very detailed two-part article on dive planning, which covered both open circuit and closed circuit diving, including thorough preparation for the dive itself. In today’s article, we will focus specifically and practically on planning a closed-circuit rebreather (CCR) dive for beginners.

“After my first 10 hours on a rebreather, I was a real expert. Another 40 hours of dive time later, I considered myself a novice. When I completed about 100 hours of rebreather diving, I realized I was only just a beginner.” — Richard Pyle, reflecting on the steep learning curve of rebreather diving blog.padi.com

Rebreather diver

When diving, everything is interconnected, and the plan must form a coherent whole. It is therefore essential to establish a clear starting point. Naturally, the starting values are depth and bottom time. We generally dive to different depths for varying lengths of time. While we usually have a clear idea of the intended depth, determining bottom time is not always simple, as it is often limited by available gas supply and the required decompression obligation. Sometimes we must use the method of halving the interval, choosing a bottom time that fits within our gas reserves. When we talk about gas supply in closed-circuit diving, we mostly mean bailout gas. Especially for beginners, it is not assumed that dives will be carried out at the limits of rebreather gas capacity. The simplest scenario, of course, is when we have a very specific bottom time required to achieve our goal.

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    Starting Point – Depth and Time

    To make things clearer, let’s plan a wreck dive. This is simple because wreck dives usually begin from a boat, descending down a line directly to the target depth. Time is then spent at roughly the same depth, give or take a few meters (unless it’s a very large wreck). Let’s assume this wreck lies at 35 meters. I chose this depth deliberately, as I consider it the maximum for air diluent CCR diving.

    How long do we need to spend at the wreck? Suppose the wreck is 50 meters long. The typical swimming speed of a technical diver ranges from 10 to 15 meters per minute. Since we’re not racing but rather observing and exploring, we’ll choose a more conservative value—5 meters per minute. To swim around the 50-meter wreck, that gives us about 20 minutes.

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